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Libera, Free-One.
LYB6R1
[to Whom the second day of September, day 245, is dedicated]
Geography/Culture: Ancient Italian, Roman. She shares a Temple with Ceres and Liber) on the Aventine dedicated in 493 BC.
Linguistic Note: from Latin liber, free. Related English words: deliver, liberal, liberate, libertine (Middle English meaning of this was freed-slave), liberty, livery.
Description: Goddess of vegetal fertility, and perhaps also of wine.
{Eponym of Liberty Island; She Who stands for the right to act in a manner of one's own choosing; She Who represents the condition of not being subject to control, restriction, confinement or servitude.}
To Whom Sacred: ivy (with which the old priestesses were decked at Her festivals); fried honey pancakes (sold by priestesses at street stands during Her festival); cornucopia.
Festival: Liberalia, March 17. To celebrate the return of vegetation to the earth's surface, old women would serve as Libera's priestesses. It used to be celerated largely in the country and was the occasion for the wearing of masks, the singing of crude songs and general unrestrained merrymaking.
Male Associate: consort, Liber, also called Bacchus, who is often identified with Dionysius.
Geography/Culture: Ancient Italian. Chiefly central Italy. She had a temple at Terracina. Latitude: 41.43 Longitude: -13.37 (of Sora).
Linguistic Note: Perhaps from Latin: fera, 'wild beast' (English feral), this itself no doubt related to fer, 'producing' and ferox, ferocis, (English ferocious); or from ferrum, 'iron'. But ferrum for iron might have been coined for the ferocious attacks it made possible as a weapon.
Description: Goddess of spring flowers; She Who is worshipped in groves; Matron and Protectress of freedmen; She to Whom freedmen offer gifts.
To Whom Sacred: the Seat of Freedom (a bench in Her temple bears the inscription: "Let well deserving slaves sit, and rise free men"; the number three (She gave Her son three arms, and three lives).
Festival: An annual festival, celebrated at the foot of Mount Soracte, to which were brought the first fruits of harvest.
Male Associate: son Erulus, king of Italy.
Geography/Culture: Roman. She had a temple on the Avertine.
Description: Goddess of liberty.
To Whom Sacred: pileus, symbol of liberty (a round brimless skull-cap; pileus is also the term for the umbrellalike cap of a stalked, fleshy fungus, which might also be called sacred to Her).
{There is a target entry on Libitina under Venus - decide on placement and consolidate. Interesting - the double connection of Love and Death}.
Geography/Culture: Roman.
Linguistic Note: no doubt related to Italian libertino, 'emancipated, licentious' and libidine, 'lust, sensuality' -- from which the English libido is derived. But the English word 'libertine' is derived from Latin libertinus, -libertus, 'set free', -liber, 'free'. See also Linguistic Notes above.
Description: Originally perhaps Goddess of agriculture, She became Goddess of funerals, burial and death. Freedom from life, perhaps.
To Whom Sacred: libitinarii, `undertakers'; coin (whenever anyone died a coin had to be deposited in Her temple).
Male Associates: Male equivalent: Greek Charon, Fierce-Brightness.