Latitudes and longitudes are specified in degrees and decimals of degrees, 1 min=.016667.
This file Gazetteer volume 1: Accadia - Aztec.
Gazetteer volume 2: Babylonia - Dravadian.
Gazetteer volume 3: Egypt - Finland.
Gazetteer volume 4:Gaelic - Hurrian.
Gazetteer volume 5: Iberian Peninsula - Lydians.
Gazetteer volume 6: Maeonians - Rome
Gazetteer volume 7: Samos - Zorastian.
Mediterranean (Greece) Supplement.
African Supplement.
Accadia var. Akkadia.
Achaia (var. Acheae). District on the northern coast of Peloponnesus. The origin of the name has given rise to speculation; current theory (1911): the Achaeans (var. Achaeons) were driven into this region by Dorian invaders. Another Achaea, in the south of Thessaly (also called: Achaea Phthiotis) had been supposed to be the cradle of the Achaens. In Roman times the name of the province of Achaea was given to almost the whole of Greece. Achaea, var. of Achaia.
Acheae Phthiotis, City or district in south Thessaly supposed to be the cradle of the Achaeans from which they were driven by invading Dorians.
Achaean civilization (var. Achaeon) Named after Achaia, mainland Greece. A highly organized society in which men and women were assigned to specific service on behalf of the community as a whole.
Achaean(s) The people who created the Achaean Civilization, also known as the Argives or the Danai. Goddesses worshipped in Achaia, or by the Achaeans. Acarnania; Achaia, variant Akhaia, asp. Demeter; Acco; Alpheiaia, variant Alphaia, asp. Artemis; Atalanta (also in Arcadia and Boeotia).
Achaeon q.v. Achaean
Aegean Civilization (Pronounced: I-JE-2N). 2800-1100: Bronze Age civilizations (sometimes loosely extended to include the preceding Stone Age cultures of the area) of the Greek mainland, lands bordering the Aegean Sea and the islands of that sea. General term for the The Aegean Civilization is a general term for a prehistoric civilization, also called Mycenaean from the archeo-logical site which first brought its existence to light, or Minoan after Minos on Crete. Subsequent discoveries have made it clear that Mycenae was not its chief centre. Porbably Crete was the fountain-head of the Aegean civilization, and probably for long its social and political centre. Thus the "Aegean Area" has now come to mean the Archipelago with Crete and Cyprus, the Hellenic peninsula with the Ionian isles, and Western Anatolia. Religion seems to have been essentially the same everywhere from the earliest period, viz, the cult of a Divine Principle, resident in dominant features of nature (sun, stars, mountains, trees, &c.) and controlling fertility. This cult passed through an aniconic stage, from which festishes survived to the last, these being rocks or pillars, trees, weapons (e.g. bipennis, or double war-axe, shield), &c. When the iconic stage was reached, about 2000 B.C. we find the Divine Spirit represented as a Goddess with a subordinate young god, as in many other E. Mediterranean lands. The God was probably son and mate of the Goddess, and the divine pair represent the genius of Reproductive Fertility in its relations with humanity. The Goddess sometimes appears with doves, as uranic, at others with snakes, as chthonic. In the ritual fetishes, often of minature form, played a great part: all sorts of plants and animals were sacred: sacrifice (not burnt, and human very doubtful) dedication of all sorts of offerings and simulcra, invocation, &c., were practised. The dead, who returned to the Great Mother, were objects of a sort of hero-worship. This early nature-cult explains many anomalous features of Hellenic religion, especially in the cults of Artemis and Aphrodite.
Aegina. Aegean island in the Saronic Gulf. Tradition derives the name from Aegina, the mother of Aeacus. (It's original name was Oenone). Temple there probably the shrine of local Goddess Aphaea, (identified by Pausanias with Britomartis and Dictynna) - many sculptures of Athene in the same temple. Goddesses worshipped in Aegina: Aigina, var. Aegina; Aphaea.
Aegina. Capitol city of Aegina Island. Contains a temple dedicated to Aphrodite.
Aeolian. Goddess: Alcyone, var. Halcyone, pre-Hellenic.
Aetolia. A district in Northern Greece.
Aetolian(s), of, or belonging to Aetolia.
Africa - see African Supplement.
Agade, var. Akkad q.v.
Ainu. [Ainu, "man"]. pl. Ainus. A semi-nomadic, paleo-Siberian fishing and hunting peoples and at the same time a neolithic planting people who inhabit the northern most island of Japan, Hokkaido, and the still further north Kuril islands and the island Sakhalin (recently parts of the Soviet Union and now, as of 1992, parts of what?). The Ainus once also inhabited the northern part of the main island of Honshu. The Ainu language, is unclassified but probably contributes an archaic element to modern Japanese. Their basic myths and rituals may have influenced the development of Shintoism. See also Fuji. Source: Campbell MGP 334-5. The name of the Goddess Fuji, who is worshipped by them, is almost certainly of Ainu origin.
Akkad. (var. Agade), a town in Akkadia to at least 1125, from which Akkadia took its name. The site has not yet (azov 1968) been identified.
Akkadia, also spelt Accadia (not to be confused with Arcadia, Peloponnesus). The northern division of ancient Babylonia, as distinguished from Sumer, and southern Babylonia. Settled by nomadic Semitic people (who had probably come from northern Syria) during 3000's and 2000's BC. Reached peak of civilization mid-2000 BC, when first historic great empire was created by conquest (under leadership of Sargon I). Took over many aspects of Sumerian culture - calendar, weights and measures, cuneiform script, numerals, business methods, sculpture, and crafts. Sargon's dynasty fall's c. 2180 BC. A joint nation of Sumer and Akkad controlled the Babylonian region for about three centuries. The Akkadian language, a Semitic tongue, related to Hebrew and Arabic, was adopted as the spoken and written language. Towns: Agade, Borsippa, Babylon, Kish, Kutha, Sippar. Sources: NLEM.
Akkadian, Of or belonging to Akkadia.
Alpheus, river in Arcadia, Peloponnesus.
Amphiktyons, `Dwellers around'. A league composed of representatives from central Greece (chosen by race, not by city), who administered the Temple of Demeter at Thermopylae, to whom she was known as Amphictyonis `President-of-neighbours.' Later they also administered the Temple of Apollo at Delphi.
Arabia, Pre-Islamic. Goddesses worshipped by Pre-Islamic Arabs: Al-Lat (var. Lat, Allat); Al-Uzza, (var. Uzza).
Arcadia. A central district of Peloponnesus. It contains a mountain called Cyllene (Ziria), and the river Alpheus. The ancient inhabitants, whose origins Greek tradition moved back into the world's earliest days, were shepherds and huntsmen worshipping nature deities whom the Greeks identified with Artemis, Hermes and Pan. Due to the inaccessibility of the region Arcadia lagged behind the general development of Greece. The customs and dialect of the original population persisted, maintaining a peculiar resemblance to that of the equally conservative Cypriotes. The area was mostly subject to Sparta until 370 BCE when the Arcadean League was formed and the city of Megalopolis, (approx 37.2n x 22.1e), was built as its capital. Goddesses of Arcadia: Atalanta and Callisto, (Who is the ancestress of the Arcadians). Cyllene and the Pleiades, (Who include Maia), are particularly associated with Mount Cyllene.
Arcadian(s) of Arcadia.
Ardennes Forest, in continental Europe, worshipped Arduina [Celtic Gauls?].
Argive(s) of Argos.
Argolis. A district of Peloponnesus, to the northeast, containing the city Epidaurus.
Argos, (late 20th century city location: 37 38 n 22 45 e). The name of several ancient Greek cities or districts, but in historic times chiefly associated with a very ancient town in North East Peloponnesus, whence the peninsula of Argolis derives its name. It became occupied by the Dorians who introduced new cults.
Aryan,
Assyria. An ancient empire of western Asia centered in the upper valley of the Tigris. Capitol, Nineveh. AHDEL. The northern area of the banks of the Tigris and the Euphrates. The two great empires, Assyria and Babylon, which grew up on the banks of the Tigris and the Euphrates, can be separated as little historically as geographically. From the beginning their history is closely intertwined. With the exception of some seven or eight centuries, Assyria might be described as a province or dependency of Babylon. Not only was Babylonia the mother country, the religion and culture, the literature and the characters in which it was contained, the arts and the sciences of the Assyrians were derived from their southern neighbours. They were similar in race and language. Goddesses worshipped in Assyria. Ardat-Lili, (var. Lilith).
Assyrian. Of or from Assyria.
Athenian. Of or from Athens.
Athens, (late 20th century city location: 38 00 n x 23 38 e). A city in Attica. Greek form of name Athinai, *36NI. Contains a Doric temple to Athena. 454: work begins on the temple of Athene and Hephaestus.
Argives. Another name for the Achaeans.
Attica. A triangular shaped district on the Greek mainland projecting into the Aegean Sea. Before the Dorian invasion it was in the hands of the Ionians. The olive (sacred to Athena) was once thought to be found in that land only. Goddesses of Attica: Athene, (var. Athena); Auxo, asp. Chariteae. The town {?} Brauron (approx 37.8n x 24e) was in Attica, where Brauronia (see Callisto) was worshipped.
Aventine. Something to do with Rome. Temple to Juno Regina of Veii there.
Aztec. From the Nahuatl word aztlan meaning `The place of the Heron', or `Heron people'. Native name of one of the tribes that invaded (perhaps from the north-west) and occupied the table-land of Mexico, and were there on the arrival of the Spanish. They conquered or unified with the Toltecs who were already there. (see bib. 28 Mexico, Nahuatlan Stock.) Goddesses: Thalli-Yjolta.