Geography/Culture: Egyptian, pre-dynastic: She was adopted from Libya (or She was a divinity of the local Libyan population in Egypt). Her sacred city is Sais (Greek form of Egyptian Sa) in the western delta of the Nile, Lower Egypt; in Upper Egypt the center of Her worship was the city of Esna. She is attested at least as early as the 1st half of the third millenium {2999-2500 BCE?}.
Linguistic Note: Egyptian net, {more accurately transliterated as nt} means the red crown of Lower Egypt. It probably means a good many other things as well (She shares the same consonants as Nut, for example), which in hieroglyphics would be clarified by the determinative. Neith's determinative seems to be the thing which is sometimes said to represents a weaver's shuttle (though "this identification has not been verified"), while Nut's determinative is the vase, in addition Nut's name in hieroglyphics usually includes the weak bird sign which is transcribed as u. Perhaps Neith's determinative refers to the beetle/cockroach which Bernal says is sacred to Her. Whatever it is it is sometimes depicted on the throats of the cobras (and clearly it is not a stylization of natural markings) which so often, as the uraeus, form part of Egyptian images. Related English words: is it possible that north (the direction with which She is associated), night (re: the moon, and the bringing forth of the sun), and even net (re: weaving) are all related to Her name?
Description: Divine Mother; Lady of heaven; Mistress of divinities; Goat-skin clad orgiastic Triple Goddess of the moon, the sky, earth, childbirth, hunting, love and battle; Great Goddess; She Who is self-produced; First Birthgiver; Divine Shehe, Mother of Mothers and father of fathers; She Who brought forth the sun before anything else existed; She Who personifies that place in the sky where the sun rises; She Who weaves the world on Her loom; Great Mother of deities; Source of ancient wisdom; She to Whom even deities appeal for justice; Warring Protectress against invaders; She Who blesses the hunter's weapons; Nourisher and Sustainer of life; Bestower of poetic insight; Culture-bringer; Lady of Sais; Sorceress; Controller and Organizer of water; She Who is associated with the draining of marshes and the creation of productive land; Matron of crafts and industries; Healer and Midwife; Protectress of the dead to whom She offers bread and water from a tree; She Who has four forms in Her Duat; Opener of the Ways.
She was at times thought of as the personification of the waters of chaos. She is said to have belonged to an epoch when fatherhood was not recognised. It is thought that Her wearing of the net may signify She was the Goddess of an early confederation of Lower Egypt. In dynastic times She was apparently Goddess of the Nile. In the 18th dynasty (1567 BCE) She was portrayed in the solar bark, associated with the sun, (especially as the eye of Ra), and with the erect cobra of the Uraeus (the ceremonial headdress of the pharaohs, which was the determinative or symbolic sign for Goddesses) and at this time She was also Protectress of women. In the New Kingdom She was the Divine Shehe, first to create the seeds of Divinities and people.
Invocations, Pleas, Hymns and Other Homage to HER: Neith.
To Whom Sacred: willow; reed-built shrines; perch (the fish); {cowrie (a yonic symbol -- Ethiopian women also wore goat-skin clothes, see below, sometimes ornamented with cowries)}; crocodile (showing Her connection with the Nile); goat -- embodiment of fertility (Libyan women wore goat-skin garments fringed with thongs); magical goat-skin bag, protected by a Gorgon mask, containing a snake (this became Athene's aegis); cow (is this form She swam the delta to settle at the spot which later became Her sacred city); a type of beetle, possibly luminous, probably with a solar significance (an image which seems to have preceded the scarab); a cockroach on a stick {this maybe in mistake for the beetle, or vice versa}; the stomach, of which She is Guardian, (in canopic jars); bow; two arrows crossed on a goat-skin shield; weaver's loom; weaver's shuttle; the number 18 (the number of stars on one side of Her when imaged as a cow); the red crown of Lower Egypt (in which She is said to immanent); the double-crown; sceptre; ankh; [the open-hand emblem]; linen mummy wrappings (they were considered Her gifts as Matron of weaving; the direction north; the direction east (as the place where the sun rises).
Iconography: She habitually wears the net, the red crown of Lower (ie. north) Egypt, often holding a sceptre in one hand and the ankh in the other. Sometimes She grasps a bow and two arrows, or wears two crossed arrows on Her head. In "later times" {how much later, or later than what, is unspecified} She wears the sign of Her name (which may or may not be a weaver's shuttle). Apparently She sometimes wears a vase on Her head -- if this is so then She must at sometime have been identified with, or confused with, Nut. She is also represented as a cow with an ankh hanging from a collar round Her neck. An image has been found in which She suckles two crocodiles {Her son(s)?}.
Festival: Feast of Lamps {date unknown, azov 1995}, during which Her devotees burned a multitude of lights all night long in Her honor. Annual armed combat engaged in by Her virgin priestesses for the position of high-priestess. Annual marriage between Her high-priestess and a sacred king, to insure good crops.
Male Associates: in the Pyramid Texts Her son is Sebek, (Sebak with a dot over the a, Suchos, Sobk), He-who-causes-to-be-pregnant, crocodile God, who later became identified with Ra. An ancient Saite tradition (5th or 6th dynasty?) makes Her son Ra. Consort, sometimes Ptah, or he is Her companion. In the Late Period Her consort at Elephantine was Khnum, (Khnemu), Moulder, (to build, to fashion, to put together). In the Late Period he had seven forms, one of which was Khnum, the weaver. It is also said that in "later times" Osiris and Horus were called Her sons. As Guardian of the stomach of the deceased She is associated with Dwa-mut-f, (Tuamutef), the dog or jackal headed protector of the stomach. As Opener of the Ways She is a female Anubis.

Titles/Variants, etc:
• Perhaps Libyan version of Anath, .
• There may be a link between Neith, World-Weaver and Anuket, Who is linked with Satis, She-Who-Runs-Like-an-Arrow, through their common consort Khnum.
• As Goddess of hunting the Greeks identified Her with their Artemis, High-Source-of-Water.
• The Greeks also identified Her with Athene, {I-Have-Come-From-Myself}. Bernal believes Athene to be the same Goddess as Neith transposed to Greece by Egyptian colonists.
• Hat-Hor, Womb-of-the-Sun, is sometimes called Neith, World-Weaver, or the two are identified as Protectress of women.
• A tradition of "later times" calls Her the Mother of Isis, Lap-of-Power. At other times, like many (or all) Egyptian Goddesses She was entirely identified with Isis.
• Libyan Lamia, Greedy-One, Who is linked with Lamashtu, , may be a form of Neith.
• She is probably also called Libya, Dripping-Rain, below.
• When She appears in the form of a cow She is called Mehurt.
• In so far as Ptah is Her companion or consort, She must be associated with his city, Memphis, and so perhaps with the Goddess Memphis, White-Walls, below.
• Variant Neit.
• Variant also Neit with a dash across the top of the e.
• She sometimes stands with Nebthet, at the head of coffins.
• Variant Net.
• Perhaps African Ngame, is related to Neith, World-Weaver.
• Variant Nit.
• The traditions which names Her Mother of Isis, Lap-of-Power, Osiris and Horus may have conflated Her with Nut.
• Some see in Satis, She-Who-Runs-Like-an-Arrow, of Upper Egypt a southern counterpart of Neith.
• Selket, is sometimes found in the company of Neith, World-Weaver.
• Robert Graves identifies Neith with Carthagian Tanith.
• Title or epithet Temhit, TAMHET, ----.
• Also called Tehenut, TAHANUT, The-Libyan.

Geography/Culture: Libya (some say Libya was to the ancients, Egypt, others that it was all of Africa west of Egypt): especially Lake Triton.
Description: Triple Goddess of the moon, winter rains (which came to Greece from the direction of Libya), wisdom and augury; Eponym of Libya.
To Whom Sacred: goat (and its skin); migration of birds; golden palace or chamber.
Male Associates: Sons, Belus (who was perhaps also Her lover) and Agenor by consort Poseidon. Son Lelex by Triton or Poseidon.

Titles/Variants, etc:
• Libya is Identified with Aegeia, Bright, Who is linked with Aega.
• Some say She is Daughter of Io, Exalted-Moon.
• Perhaps Mother of Lamia, Greedy-One, (Who is linked with Lamashtu), by Belus.
• Could She have become Roman Libera?
• Some say Libya, Dripping-Rain, is Daughter of Memphis, White-Walls, below.
• This may be a Greek name for Neith, World-Weaver, above.

Geography/Culture: Egyptian.
Description: Perhaps Goddess, at least eponym apparently, of the city of Memphis.
Male Associates: consort, Epaphus, A-Touching, king of Egypt. Her father was Nilus, the river god.

Titles/Variants, etc:
• Astart, Conceiving-Womb, had a temple at Memphis.
• Sister of Anchinoe, ----, Whose consort is Belus, the son of Libya, Dripping-Rain.
• Io, Exalted-Moon, was Mother of Memphis' consort Epaphus.
• Mother of Libya, Dripping-Rain, above.
• Mother of Lysianassa, LÜSE*N1S1, ----.
• Sekhmet, is particularly associated with the city of Memphis.